封面《悠久のカンパネラ》

前言

因为个人比较喜欢米游社的COS图和同人图,同时觉得其质量满高的,因此打算爬取其图片。

完整附带简易cli的代码放在了GitHub

关闭Debug模式

首先先分析原神的页面,打开原神的COS页面,一如既往的打开调试页面。

可以看到米游社对分析源代码做了一些防范,分析时会始终卡在debug页面上。但是这也难不倒我们。直接点击下方的deactivate按钮,即可关闭debug模式。

分析请求

以原神COS的热门图片为例。在调试页面下打开原神COS页面的热门图片,分析其中的请求。从网页源代码中可以发现米游社是一个动态页面,所有的内容都是向服务器动态请求。因此在network界面中找到含有内容json的请求。找到的界面如下。

request

preview

由此分析请求参数,得到如下参数:

接下来逐个分析各个参数。

完整的参数含义

api地址

观察最新回复最新发帖热门精华日榜周榜月榜。可以得到各个内容对应的api地址。

forum_id

forum_id为社区的id,不同社区的id不同。各大社区对应id如下。

  • 原神
    • COS: 49
    • 同人图: 29
  • 崩3
    • 同人图: 4
  • 大别墅
    • COS: 47
    • 同人图: 39
  • 星穹铁道
    • 同人图: 56
  • 崩2
    • 同人图: 40
  • 未定
    • 同人图: 38

gids

gids在json中可以看到是指game_id,各大游戏的game_id对应如下

  • 崩3: 1
  • 原神: 2
  • 崩2: 3
  • 未定: 4
  • 大别墅: 5
  • 星穹铁道: 6

is_good

该参数为一个bool值,表示是否为精华。实际上基本用不到,精华查询不用这个。

is_hot

该参数为一个bool值,表示是否为热门。

sort_type

在观察最新发帖和最新回复页面请求时发现该参数。该参数为一个int变量,可选值为1或者2。对应内容如下

  • 最新回复: 1
  • 最新发帖: 2

type

在观察榜单的请求时发泄该参数。该参数为一个int变量,可选值为1、2、3,对应内容如下

  • 日榜: 1
  • 周榜: 2
  • 月榜: 3

完整参数意义

  • api:
    • /forumGoodPostFullList: 用于查询精华
    • /getForumPostList: 用于热门、最新回复、最新发帖、榜单
  • fourm_id: 社区id
  • gids: 游戏id
  • is_good: 是否为精华
  • is_hot: 是否为热门
  • page_size: 返回post的数量
  • sort_type: 用于查询和区别最新回复和最新发帖
  • type: 用于榜单查询,区分日榜、周榜和月榜

json分析

米游社返回的json基本相同,但是精华返回的与其他略有不同。主要为其中一个key不同,精华是posts、其余是list

精华

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{
"retcode": 0,
"message": "OK",
"data": {
"posts": [
{
"post": {
"game_id": 2,
"post_id": "10544616",
"f_forum_id": 29,
"uid": "179065436",
"subject": "【观测枢】灶王爷锅巴-②",
"content": "逐月节里惹人疼爱的锅巴头像二期来啦~\n一共4张,按照图的顺序分别是:\n①锅锅害羞(这表情就出现过两个瞬间,太少了)\n②锅锅委屈(魈猫猫不理锅!)\n③锅吃窝头(初遇香菱情景)\n④锅锅神像(灶神像)",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/0f0dc49e5b4f3f579119e81c2d98a1c1_61295632854955864.jpg",
"view_type": 2,
"created_at": 1633624612,
"images": [
"https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/c8e8c7e273b31f7e16ce65d5220c18c0_1642884008313599219.jpg",
"https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/2897e34888a2ef7ccafa099202432971_149407973314057590.jpg",
"https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/0f0dc49e5b4f3f579119e81c2d98a1c1_61295632854955864.jpg",
"https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/36eb746e02be4563e086c15571f3f8e3_3412574759048499179.jpg",
"https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/affa15e44b7eb4c2359e3464c5549715_874705953357861664.png"
],
"post_status": {
"is_top": false,
"is_good": true,
"is_official": false
},
"topic_ids": [
53,
105,
439,
559,
761
],
"view_status": 1,
"max_floor": 16,
"is_original": 1,
"republish_authorization": 2,
"reply_time": "2021-10-22 08:03:01",
"is_deleted": 0,
"is_interactive": false,
"structured_content": "",
"structured_content_rows": [],
"review_id": 0,
"is_profit": false,
"is_in_profit": false
},
"forum": {
"id": 29,
"name": "同人图",
"icon": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2020/04/05/f8b71f0c5b81976d7e36c8ae014f9e5b.png",
"game_id": 2
},
"topics": [
{
"id": 53,
"name": "同人图",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/09/09/61f2fe15f5fd3d976690855337ba5ba9_7313218117241578974.png",
"is_top": false,
"is_good": false,
"is_interactive": false,
"game_id": 0,
"content_type": 2
},
{
"id": 105,
"name": "表情包",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2019/06/27/178fc0552cf615c5c40fd8bb9a1556ab.png",
"is_top": false,
"is_good": false,
"is_interactive": false,
"game_id": 0,
"content_type": 2
},
{
"id": 439,
"name": "香菱",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2020/11/25/8a4309c40e68e3e42fb64931e8fad6fc.jpeg",
"is_top": false,
"is_good": false,
"is_interactive": false,
"game_id": 0,
"content_type": 1
},
{
"id": 559,
"name": "头像",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/04/01/d76532e1f634d57646dcbc1852eba6a8_2131217136772532601.png",
"is_top": false,
"is_good": false,
"is_interactive": false,
"game_id": 0,
"content_type": 2
},
{
"id": 761,
"name": "来点稿头",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/09/06/e58af9f46cdf0e920386f44dbc089617_4917005110024976346.jpg",
"is_top": false,
"is_good": false,
"is_interactive": false,
"game_id": 0,
"content_type": 3
}
],
"user": {
"uid": "179065436",
"nickname": "子旖",
"introduce": "懒癌晚期患者+重度杂食性选手,我只会画大头",
"avatar": "30015",
"gender": 0,
"certification": {
"type": 2,
"label": "观测者、画师"
},
"level_exp": {
"level": 8,
"exp": 7493
},
"is_following": false,
"is_followed": false,
"avatar_url": "https://img-static.mihoyo.com/avatar/avatar30015.png",
"pendant": ""
},
"self_operation": {
"attitude": 0,
"is_collected": false
},
"stat": {
"view_num": 4353,
"reply_num": 26,
"like_num": 490,
"bookmark_num": 47,
"forward_num": 2
},
"help_sys": {
"top_up": null,
"top_n": [],
"answer_num": 0
},
"cover": {
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/0f0dc49e5b4f3f579119e81c2d98a1c1_61295632854955864.jpg",
"height": 2000,
"width": 2000,
"format": "jpg",
"size": "810604",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": true,
"image_id": "27423117",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "10544616"
},
"image_list": [
{
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/c8e8c7e273b31f7e16ce65d5220c18c0_1642884008313599219.jpg",
"height": 2000,
"width": 2000,
"format": "jpg",
"size": "785773",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": false,
"image_id": "27423068",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "10544616"
},
{
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/2897e34888a2ef7ccafa099202432971_149407973314057590.jpg",
"height": 2000,
"width": 2000,
"format": "jpg",
"size": "818320",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": false,
"image_id": "27423098",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "10544616"
},
{
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/0f0dc49e5b4f3f579119e81c2d98a1c1_61295632854955864.jpg",
"height": 2000,
"width": 2000,
"format": "jpg",
"size": "810604",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": false,
"image_id": "27423117",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "10544616"
},
{
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/36eb746e02be4563e086c15571f3f8e3_3412574759048499179.jpg",
"height": 2000,
"width": 2000,
"format": "jpg",
"size": "889738",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": false,
"image_id": "27423123",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "10544616"
},
{
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/10/08/179065436/affa15e44b7eb4c2359e3464c5549715_874705953357861664.png",
"height": 270,
"width": 1080,
"format": "png",
"size": "140855",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": false,
"image_id": "27423168",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "10544616"
}
],
"is_official_master": false,
"is_user_master": false,
"hot_reply_exist": false,
"vote_count": 0,
"last_modify_time": 0,
"recommend_type": "",
"collection": null,
"vod_list": [],
"is_block_on": false,
"forum_rank_info": null
}
],
"last_id": "1",
"is_last": false,
"next_offset": "0"
}
}

其余返回

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{
"retcode": 0,
"message": "OK",
"data": {
"list": [
{
"post": {
"game_id": 2,
"post_id": "11794784",
"f_forum_id": 49,
"uid": "283837710",
"subject": "【cos】往生堂第七十七代堂主就是胡桃我啦!",
"content": "可以说这是我cos过最不像的一个角色了,做胡桃的传说任务觉得她表面活泼可爱 实际上心理又很成熟豁达,还有点小腹黑,这样的反差好难表达,我一点也不可爱,再也不会出了。。。",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/11/09/283837710/eaf9376a42d40973d43a90a113828e93_1442388115152832304.jpg",
"view_type": 2,
"created_at": 1636438339,
"images": [
"https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/11/09/283837710/96b35bf328a9884fb15021c5377372ec_53917698238889953.jpg",
"https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/11/09/283837710/eaf9376a42d40973d43a90a113828e93_1442388115152832304.jpg"
],
"post_status": {
"is_top": false,
"is_good": false,
"is_official": false
},
"topic_ids": [
525,
547
],
"view_status": 1,
"max_floor": 2495,
"is_original": 1,
"republish_authorization": 2,
"reply_time": "2021-11-12 10:00:12",
"is_deleted": 0,
"is_interactive": false,
"structured_content": "",
"structured_content_rows": [],
"review_id": 0,
"is_profit": false,
"is_in_profit": false
},
"forum": {
"id": 49,
"name": "COS",
"icon": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/04/29/0cd5fbc21feccc3dbccf7ddd3a14cded.png",
"game_id": 2
},
"topics": [
{
"id": 525,
"name": "胡桃",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/02/27/5f567ecb567640f0a9e26775f6aa4942.png",
"is_top": false,
"is_good": false,
"is_interactive": false,
"game_id": 0,
"content_type": 1
},
{
"id": 547,
"name": "Cosplay",
"cover": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/09/09/9a3b4ee5699c95707df85fb77bce39f2_1763133664448316116.png",
"is_top": false,
"is_good": false,
"is_interactive": false,
"game_id": 0,
"content_type": 2
}
],
"user": {
"uid": "283837710",
"nickname": "小白Nanno",
"introduce": "全网都叫小白Nanno,视频在抖音快手b站 ",
"avatar": "100061",
"gender": 0,
"certification": {
"type": 2,
"label": "Coser"
},
"level_exp": {
"level": 9,
"exp": 10211
},
"is_following": false,
"is_followed": false,
"avatar_url": "https://img-static.mihoyo.com/communityweb/upload/a57113d5e6173a05f7980c978c5a2bd6.png",
"pendant": ""
},
"self_operation": {
"attitude": 0,
"is_collected": false
},
"stat": {
"view_num": 529292,
"reply_num": 3664,
"like_num": 113866,
"bookmark_num": 4978,
"forward_num": 543
},
"help_sys": {
"top_up": null,
"top_n": [],
"answer_num": 0
},
"cover": {
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/11/09/283837710/eaf9376a42d40973d43a90a113828e93_1442388115152832304.jpg",
"height": 4032,
"width": 2268,
"format": "jpg",
"size": "4346689",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": true,
"image_id": "30556208",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "11794784"
},
"image_list": [
{
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/11/09/283837710/96b35bf328a9884fb15021c5377372ec_53917698238889953.jpg",
"height": 3865,
"width": 2174,
"format": "jpg",
"size": "4443075",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": false,
"image_id": "30556207",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "11794784"
},
{
"url": "https://upload-bbs.mihoyo.com/upload/2021/11/09/283837710/eaf9376a42d40973d43a90a113828e93_1442388115152832304.jpg",
"height": 4032,
"width": 2268,
"format": "jpg",
"size": "4346689",
"crop": null,
"is_user_set_cover": false,
"image_id": "30556208",
"entity_type": "IMG_ENTITY_POST",
"entity_id": "11794784"
}
],
"is_official_master": false,
"is_user_master": false,
"hot_reply_exist": false,
"vote_count": 0,
"last_modify_time": 0,
"recommend_type": "",
"collection": null,
"vod_list": [],
"is_block_on": false,
"forum_rank_info": null
}
],
"last_id": "2",
"is_last": false,
"is_origin": false
}
}

完整代码

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from enum import Enum, unique
from typing import Dict, List
import httpx
from urllib import parse


class BasicSpider():

def __init__(self) -> None:
self.base_url = "https://bbs-api.mihoyo.com/post/wapi/"
# api 地址
self.api = None
# 社区 id
self.forum_id = None
# 含义未知 似乎是game_id
self.gids = None
# 精品
self.is_good = False
# 热门
self.is_hot = False
# 游戏名
self.game_name = None
# 请求头
self.headers = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/93.0.4577.82 Safari/537.36",
"Referer": "https://bbs.mihoyo.com/",
"Origin": "https://bbs.mihoyo.com/"
}

def get_params(self, page_size: int) -> Dict:
'''
获取请求参数
'''
return None

def sync_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
'''
以同步的方式获取图片地址 默认20张,就算不传page_size也是20
'''
return []

def sync_get(self, params: dict = None, is_good: bool = False) -> List:
'''
以同步的方式获取response
params: 请求参数
is_good: 是否为精华
'''
r = httpx.get(self.api, params=params, headers=self.headers)
return self.handle_response(r, is_good=is_good)

async def async_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
'''
以异步的方式获取图片地址 默认20张,就算不传page_size也是20
TODO 测试
'''
return []

async def async_get(self, params: dict = None, is_good: bool = False) -> List:
'''
以异步的方式获取response
params: 请求参数
is_good: 是否为精华
'''
async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
r = await client.get(self.api, params=params, headers=self.headers)

return self.handle_response(r, is_good=is_good)

def handle_response(self, response, is_good: bool = False) -> List:
'''
处理返回的请求
'''
urls = []
if is_good:
posts = response.json()["data"]["posts"]
else:
posts = response.json()["data"]["list"]
for post in posts:
images = post["post"]["images"]
for image in images:
urls.append(image)
return urls

def get_game_name(self) -> str:
return self.game_name


@unique
class RankType(Enum):
'''
排行榜类型
'''
# 日榜
Daily = 1
# 周榜
Weekly = 2
# 月榜
Monthly = 3


@unique
class LatestType(Enum):
'''
最新回复或者是最新发帖
'''
# 最新回复
LatestComment = 1
# 最新发帖
LatestPost = 2


@unique
class GameType(Enum):
'''
游戏类型
'''
# 原神
Genshin = 2
# 崩3
Honkai3rd = 1
# 大别墅 话说大别墅为啥是DBY
DBY = 5
# 星穹铁道
StarRail = 6
# 崩2
Honkai2 = 3
# 未定 这名字真奇怪
TearsOfThemis = 4


@unique
class ForumType(Enum):
'''
社区类型 要与游戏类型一致
'''
# 原神 cos
GenshinCos = 49
# 原神 同人图
GenshinPic = 29
# 崩3 同人图
Honkai3rdPic = 4
# 大别墅 COS
DBYCOS = 47
# 大别墅 同人图
DBYPIC = 39
# 星穹铁道 同人图
StarRailPic = 56
# 崩2 同人图
Honkai2Pic = 40
# 未定 同人图
TearsOfThemisPic = 38


def get_gids(forum: str) -> GameType:
forum2gid = {
"GenshinCos": GameType.Genshin,
"GenshinPic": GameType.Genshin,
"Honkai3rdPic": GameType.Honkai3rd,
"DBYCOS": GameType.DBY,
"DBYPIC": GameType.DBY,
"StarRailPic": GameType.StarRail,
"Honkai2Pic": GameType.Honkai2,
"TearsOfThemisPic": GameType.TearsOfThemis
}
return forum2gid[forum]


class Rank(BasicSpider):
'''
榜单
url: https://bbs.mihoyo.com/ys/imgRanking/49
'''

def __init__(self, forum_id: ForumType, type: RankType) -> None:
super().__init__()
self.api = parse.urljoin(self.base_url, "getImagePostList")
self.forum_id = forum_id.value
gametype = get_gids(forum_id.name)
self.gids = gametype.value
# 日榜
self.type = type.value
self.game_name = gametype.name

def get_params(self, page_size: int) -> Dict:
params = {
"forum_id": self.forum_id,
"gids": self.gids,
"page_size": page_size,
"type": self.type
}
return params

def sync_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 21) -> List:
return self.sync_get(self.get_params(page_size))

async def async_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
return await self.async_get(self.get_params(page_size))


class Hot(BasicSpider):
'''
热门
url: https://bbs.mihoyo.com/ys/home/49?type=hot
'''

def __init__(self, forum_id: ForumType) -> None:
super().__init__()
self.api = parse.urljoin(self.base_url, "getForumPostList")
self.forum_id = forum_id.value
gametype = get_gids(forum_id.name)
self.gids = gametype.value
self.is_hot = True
self.game_name = gametype.name

def get_params(self, page_size: int) -> Dict:
params = {
"forum_id": self.forum_id,
"gids": self.gids,
"is_good": self.is_good,
"is_hot": self.is_hot,
"page_size": page_size
}
return params

def sync_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
return self.sync_get(self.get_params(page_size))

async def async_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
return await self.async_get(self.get_params(page_size))


class Good(BasicSpider):
'''
精华
url: https://bbs.mihoyo.com/ys/home/49?type=good
原神COS精华目录目前为空
'''

def __init__(self, forum_id: ForumType) -> None:
super().__init__()
self.api = parse.urljoin(self.base_url, "forumGoodPostFullList")
self.forum_id = forum_id.value
gametype = get_gids(forum_id.name)
self.gids = gametype.value
self.game_name = gametype.name

def get_params(self, page_size: int) -> Dict:
params = {
"forum_id": self.forum_id,
"gids": self.gids,
"page_size": page_size
}
return params

def sync_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
return self.sync_get(self.get_params(page_size), is_good=True)

async def async_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
return await self.async_get(self.get_params(page_size), is_good=True)


class Latest(BasicSpider):
'''
最新回复和发帖
url: https://bbs.mihoyo.com/ys/home/49?type=1
'''

def __init__(self, forum_id: ForumType, sort_type: LatestType) -> None:
super().__init__()
self.api = parse.urljoin(self.base_url, "getForumPostList")
self.forum_id = forum_id.value
gametype = get_gids(forum_id.name)
self.gids = gametype.value
# 排序类型
self.sort_type = sort_type.value
self.game_name = gametype.name

def get_params(self, page_size: int) -> Dict:
params = {
"forum_id": self.forum_id,
"gids": self.gids,
"page_size": page_size,
"is_good": self.is_good,
"is_hot": self.is_hot,
"sort_type": self.sort_type
}
return params

def sync_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
return self.sync_get(self.get_params(page_size))

async def async_get_urls(self, page_size: int = 20) -> List:
return await self.async_get(self.get_params(page_size))


if __name__ == '__main__':
gh = Good(ForumType.Honkai2Pic)
urls = gh.sync_get_urls()
print(urls)

后记

本次完成了带有简单cli的米游社爬虫,并实现了一套简单的同步和异步api。下一步计划进行定时启动任务。